Monday, December 3, 2012

BLOG #8


Free Will and Determinism


According to the movie “Minority Report” and the play “Oedipus the King”, both talk about how people have the free will to make their own decisions, even when their lives are predetermined by whatever destiny they have. However, in order to have free will, a future that is not determined by fate is necessary. So how can we talk about free will when lives are determined by destiny? Simply, is something that is contradicted, because people can only choose their own decisions without them being influenced by a prediction of what will happen in the future. “Free Will is a philosophical term of art for a particular sort of capacity of rational agents to choose a course of action from among various alternatives" (Kane 1996, 81ff). In other words, free will occurs when people have the control on over what happens in their lives, but while their lives are determined by some oracle (destiny), free will doesn’t play a role in the movie and the play. However, people will always have the capacity of changing a future that is unknown.
The play “Oedipus the King” gave me to think that there was nothing that he could do to change his destiny, because it was a determined future for him. The oracle of Oedipus future said that “Oedipus was going to kill his father and marry his mother” (Oedipus Rex, 36), even though the King Laius and the Queen Jocasta, sent Oedipus who was their son to get kill, in order to prevent their destiny, it came true at the time that, Oedipus didn’t get killed and when he ran away from his town because he knew already his fate. I believe that his decisions were really stupid, because he already knew his destiny, so he was able to change it. But instead of changing it, he made all foolish decisions that make me think that Oedipus had always the free will, but his life was already influenced by the determinism.
The movie “Minority Report” made me think in a predetermined future that wasn’t a future, because the murders that were supposed to happened, didn’t. The movie deals with the crimes, when there were 3 oracles that predict a future crime, but the “pre-crime” agency was in charge of don’t make those murders to happen. How can we know that something is about to happen, when doesn’t really happen? Well, I believe in the free will where our lives cannot be determined by a destiny. It can always change with the decisions that we make. As the main character of the movie said “You see the dilemma don't you. If you don't kill me, precogs were wrong and pre-crime is over. If you do kill me, you go away, but it proves the system works. The precogs were right. So, what are you going to do now? What's it worth? Just one more murder? You'll rot in hell with a halo, but people will still believe in pre-crime. All you have to do is kill me like they said you would. Except you know your own future, which means you can change it if you want to. You still have a choice Lamar. Like I did”. so this is why I think that even though their lives were determined by fate, they had always the free will to make their own decisions. I believe that nobody could predict a future, since a future could be changed by the decisions that we could make on the present.

Wednesday, October 24, 2012

BLOG #7


Allegory of the cave

We live in a world where a lot of misconceptions about our lives exist. People tend to believe in what they want because of their own interests or because it’s traditional. I have been told so many things that people believe but are wrong. These beliefs are called misconceptions about our lives. People use commonly sequences of thinking trying to explain, get advantage, improve them, and/or attain their interests.  I think that human beings are so desperate to find answers to their questions that make them to get so many beliefs that almost all the time are wrong.                                                                                                        
 When Spain invaded Ecuador and other countries in South America, they passed us so many traditions and beliefs that they used to have in Spain. Slavery, robbery, murders, violations, etc. the Spanish brought us; at the same time religion, faith, destiny, etc. were others beliefs that came with the invasion.  I believe that throughout history, we have been passed all this misconceptions and we still carry some of them because of traditions. 
For example in Ecuador people still believe in the evil eye. The evil eye or “mal de ojo” as we called in Spanish, is a sickness or illness caused by a third person looking at you with envy or dislike. This is most commonly on children and it has to do with the power of the people or person looking at you. People believe that this illness was almost impossible to cure with medicine; instead they take their children to a witch to cure them with plants and pray and things like that. However, this illness is not caused by an evil eye that has envy or dislike. Recent investigations have shown that is not because of the envy or dislike. It just that some people have so much energy in their looks that they transmit all of it to the persons, that are more susceptible. Instead of going to the witch to cure them, they should go to the doctor and with some medicine the illness will be gone.

Wednesday, October 17, 2012

BLOG #5 FINAL ESSAY #1


Hugo Avila
Dr. Luke Vasileiou
ENG 101/0768
FINAL ESSAY #1
Gattaca Imperfection under Perfection
Is it Gattaca the perfect place where everybody dream to live or is it just an imperfect nightmare place of living? According to the Film “Gattaca” by Andrew Niccol, in this not-too-distant future, the mechanisms and the technological advantages are improvements supposed to make a perfect world with happiness and joy. A place where exists genetic engineered, no diseases or illness, environmental advantages and no distinctions nor discrimination because of race, gender, nationality. A place where everybody would like to live, It’s still the most awful place of living, because there is not matter of effort or attainment, it’s just a matter of genes. The film is about Vincent, the main character that was born as a natural or traditional birth, which means no genetic engineered. At the time that he was born, the doctors diagnosed him several sickness just because he was born naturally. He always dreamed to fly out-space but his genes were the principal obstacle to reach his goals. There was no possibilities for him to achieve his dreams, just because his blood. So with this said, can we really talk about Gattaca as a Utopia place? I would say definitively NO. Gattaca is not the place that the society dreams to live. I would not like a place like this because though there is not discrimination for external factors, there is discrimination because of genes. Therefore, I believe that Gattaca is the imperfect place under this umbrella of perfection, convincingly a Dystopia.
The genetic engineered was always the problem with Gattaca, there were people with this kind of technology and at the same time there were people with no genetic engineered at all. So this means that within Gattaca there was a lot of discrimination because of genes. People with this technology were called “the Valids” for the society; people without it were called “the Invalids”, so this is telling us that there was inequity in Gattaca. Genes were all the matter if you wanted to grow up in a perfect world, or if you just had it to live the imperfection with the “valids” scraps. So that’s why I think that Gattaca is a Dystopia. For example, the film tells us specifically about “Gattaca the space agency” that only the people with a higher DNA would be able to work within it, but for the rest of the people (the “invalids”) they just could work inside Gattaca as cleaners as the movie is telling us “My father was right.   It didn't matter how much I lied on my résumé, my real C.V. was in my cells.   Why should anybody invest all that money to train me, when there are a thousand other applicants with a far cleaner profile?   Of course, it's illegal to discriminate –“Genoism" it's called - but no one takes the laws seriously.” development in technology made easy identification “If you refuse to disclose, they can always take a sample from a doorhandle... or a handshake… even the saliva of your application form. But for the most part we know who we are. And if all else fails, a legal drug test can just as easily become an illegal peek at your future in the company.” Thus it’s very unfair that genes would speak for your physical and intellectual capacities. I believe that what matters like in our actual society is the effort and sacrifice that you do every day to reach your dreams and I believe that is the way how it has to be.
So everybody would love to be in a Utopia society, with no discriminations, the technologies to have perfect humans, nor crime, equality, perfect laws and environmental advantages which happened in Gattaca but not for everybody. We can see that when the Director of the space agency, murdered brutally a man with a keyboard; his DNA profile indicates that violence is not in his nature. So at the time that the coops find the body they would not have to argue with the director because of his genes, which means that actually this guy believed and had the intentions to kill an innocent man, just because of his interests. In a Utopia place this will never happen, because it is supposed to be perfect and equal for the whole population. Crimes would not exist, no robberies, no murders, and no lies. But this happened in Gattaca which was supposed to be the perfect place, but it wasn’t.
Also the movie tells about Irene that was genetic engineer but she still had heart problems, which means that this technology wasn’t perfect at all. It was supposed to eradicate diseases or illness the genetic engineered and this doesn’t occur with Irene. She has the dream, like Vincent, to fly out-space. But they were unable to do it because of his physicals and mentally conditions. I believe that in a Utopia, everybody would have the same rights and opportunities to do whatever they want with no matter of race, gender, nationality or genes. Also If Gattaca was perfect, Jerome, a genetic engineered swimmer guy who had a high DNA, and Vincent, the guy who wasn’t genetic engineered, why did they try to commit a suicide because of their problems? The answer may be that Gattaca was a miserable place where the people were totally unhappy.
Throughout Gattaca we can see a lot of dysfunctions and imperfections that lead us to think in the actual world that we live but with more technologies and less people suffering, still not a Utopia because it doesn’t work for the totality. Overall I believe that perfection doesn’t exist in reality, just in science fiction. Still science fiction would have to make struggling lives, just to make it more interest. Utopia places will not exist in this world and that’s how life is so fascinating. No society and nobody are perfect, and that’s really cool because we can enjoy the variety of our world. I can imagine a place that is perfect in its totality; it will be a horrible place to live, without the knowledge of imperfection and the effort while you get problems in your life.
In conclusion I can say that Gattaca is a Dystopia because if it were a Utopia, it will be equally the same for the hole. All the situations created a Dystopia place, no a Utopia. I believe that in the struggle of our lives we will find imperfection under perfection, still the most amazing place to live, because it gives you hope and ambition to set your goals and reach them. Like Vincent did on the movie Gattaca, where he fought for overcoming all his obstacles to obtained his dreams, no matter what. That has showed and helped me to understand that life is really hard, perfection is impossible but still the Dystopia place where I live today it’s the most perfect place while it is imperfect.

BLOG #6

FREE WILL AND DESTINY IN OEDIPUS.

I have been always told that destiny doesn't exist and that's what I believe for my own experience. We have the free will to make choices in our lives, though those choices may be going in the right or wrong direction. Oedipus, king of Thebes, had always the free will to make his own decisions without the influence of anybody, though it seems to be that his life was already determined by fate. We can see a lot of places where he could choose something different, but still he chooses always the wrong decision. When Oedipus heard the prophecy or prediction about his life (set by destiny) that he was going to kill his father and marry his mother, he chooses just ran away as the story is telling us "When I heard that, I ran away from Corinth......I went to other lands, so I would never see that prophecy fulfilled, the abomination of my evil fate."  So this shows us that Oedipus actually, chooses to leave Corinth and then try to escape of his fate.
Then when Oedipus finds Laius on the road, they started to have an argument that became a big problem, leading Oedipus to kill his father, though Oedipus didn't know about it. But still he could choose to don't kill Laius and just try to fix it by talking. I believe that all his actions that he made leaded him to do what his destiny wanted for him.
With the knowledge of his fate then he became king of Thebes and married Laius' widow Jocasta. So this is showing me that he did choose to do it. He did because his interests, so are we supposed to blame Oedipus free will or his destiny for the problems that it caused? Definitively I would say that he had always the freedom of choosing whatever he wanted.
Then When the Teiresias tried not to reveal the truth, The Oedipus was the one, who made the priest to talk: "This city gave you life and yet you refuse to answer! You speak as if you were her enemy. … For God's sake, if you know, don't turn away from us! We are pleading. We are begging you. … You will not tell? You monster! You could stir the stones of earth to a burning rage! You will never tell? What it will take?"  As the truth is getting revealed: "… You, Oedipus, are the desecrator, the polluter of this land." Oedipus does not believe (clearly his choice). He started to accuse Creon of truing to take his powers away. And still want to reveal whole truth. After talking to Jocasta Oedipus faces that he in fact might kill the king Laius. So that's why I believe in the freedom of making our own decisions for our lives, Oedipus always chooses to do something by going against the prophecy, trying to be more smart than the gods' but just unfortunately he makes it worst, leading him and his people to the be determined by the fate that the gods' said. Still free will.!!

Wednesday, October 10, 2012

BLOG #4


Hugo Avila
Dr. Luke Vasileiou
ENG 101/0768
ESSAY #1
Gattaca Imperfection under Perfection
Is it Gattaca the perfect place where everybody dream to live or is it just an imperfect nightmare place of living? According to the Film “Gattaca” by Andrew Niccol, in this not-too-distant future, the mechanisms and the technological advantages are improvements supposed to make a perfect world with happiness and joy. A place where exists genetic engineered, no diseases or illness, environmental advantages and no distinctions or discriminations because of race, gender, nationality. A place where everybody would like to live, It’s still the most awful place of living, because there is not matter of effort or attainment, it’s just a matter of genes. The film is about Vincent, the main character that was born as a natural or traditional birth, which means no genetic engineered. At the time that he was born, the doctors diagnosed him several sickness just because he was born naturally. He always dreamed to fly out-space but his genes were the principal obstacle to reach his goals. There was no possibilities for him to achieve his dreams, just because his blood. So with this said, can we really talk about Gattaca as a Utopia place? I would say definitively NO. Gattaca is not the place that the society dreams to live. I would not like a place like this because though there is not discrimination for external factors, there is discrimination because of genes. Therefore, I believe that Gattaca is the imperfect place under this umbrella of perfection, convincingly a Dystopia.
The genetic engineered was always the problem with Gattaca, there were people with this kind of technology and at the same time there were people with no genetic engineered at all. So this means that within Gattaca there were a lot of discrimination but because of genes. People with this technology were called “the Valids” for the society; people without it were called “the Invalids”, so this is telling us that there was inequity in Gattaca. Genes were all the matter if you wanted to grow up in a perfect world, or if you just had it to live the imperfection with the “valids” scraps. So that’s why I think that Gattaca is a Dystopia. For example, the film tells us specifically about “Gattaca the space agency” that just the people with a higher DNA would be able to work within it, but for the rest of the people (the “invalids”) they just could work inside Gattaca as cleaners. Thus it’s very unfair that genes would speak for your physical and intellectual capacities. I believe that what matters in our actual society is the effort and sacrifice that you do daily to reach your dreams and that is how it has to be.
So everybody would love to be in a Utopia society, with no discriminations, the technologies to have perfect humans, no crime, equality, perfect laws and environmental advantages which happen in Gattaca but not for everybody. We can see that when the Director of the space agency, murdered brutally a man with a keyboard. That means that actually this guy believed in his own interests to kill an innocent man, just because of his intentions. Also Irene that was genetic engineer she has heart problems, which mean that this technology wasn’t perfect at all. Through Gattaca we can see a lot of dysfunctions and imperfections that lead us to think in the actual world that we live but with more technologies and less people suffering, still not a Utopia because it doesn’t work for the totality.
Overall I believe that perfection doesn’t exist in reality, just in science fiction. Still science fiction would have to make struggling lives, just to make it more interest. Utopia places will not exist in this world and that’s how life is so fascinating. No society and nobody is perfect, and that’s really cool because we can enjoy the variety of our world. I can imagine a place that is perfect in its totality; it will be a horrible place to live, without the knowledge of imperfection and the effort while you get problems in your life.
In conclusion I can say that Gattaca is a Dystopia because if it were a Utopia, it will be equally the same for the hole. All the situations created a Dystopia place, no a Utopia. I believe that in the struggle of our lives we will find imperfection under perfection, still the most amazing place to live, because it gives you hope and ambition to set your goals and reach them. As Vincent did on the movie Gattaca where he fought for overcoming all his obstacles to obtain his dreams, no matter what. That has showed and helped me to understand that life is really hard, perfection is impossible but still the Dystopia place where I live it’s perfect contradictory.

Tuesday, October 2, 2012

BLOG #3

 Hugo Avila
10/03/2012

Gattaca: Utopia or Dystopia
Gattaca a place in the future where exists genetic engineered, it is free of diseases and where there are constantly trips to the universe, it's definitively an Utopian place. Vincent, the main character of this science-fiction movie, called "Gattaca" by Andrew Niccol, was born as a natural way, that means that his parents didn't use the genetic engineered, because I guess that they couldn't afford it. 
In this "not-too-distant future" as the movie says, there are the technologies to get the best hereditary traits to the children, however I think there are still parents that believe in the natural or traditional way to born or probably they just can't afford to have a kid with genetic engineered. There is no matter of gender, race or religion, though genes are the essential for qualifying in professional employment and live a healthy, better, unhealthy or bad life respectively. It's all a fact of being genetically perfect. So even though there is not discrimination because of external factors, there will be discrimination because of genes. Within Gattaca, the space agency, is everything perfect. There are people that are genetically perfect, a system where everybody are supposed to be happy and where everything is possible, even the travels out-space frequently. 
That's why I believe that Gattaca is a perfect place, definitively a Utopia.

The technological advances for this era are enormously improvements to the humans living.

 So while I was writing my blog last night, a lot of thoughts came to my mind, I was thinking certainly that Gattaca was absolutely an Utopian place. However after I started to write, think and remember the movie, I did start to get confused. Here are my reasons: first, I remember that It was a sad movie, the audio, the images, the people were kind of unhappy. Second, a Utopia is a place where everything is perfect (laws, no diseases, longer lives, equality, no discrimination, freedom, etc). So that was the idea that get me confused, It is really Gattaca an Utopian place where everything goes perfect? or it is a Dystopia place, where there are discrimination and  miserable humans being???

Tuesday, September 18, 2012

BLOG #2


                                    Utopia and Dystopia

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/utopia?s=t


According to the Dictionary Reference “Utopia is an ideal place or state or any visionary system of political or social perfection”. It has to do more with fiction than reality, because all we know there is not such a thing as perfect as they’re saying. In this world where we live, perfection does not exist, is definitively something unreal or just fictitious. I believe that in the struggling of trying to find perfection in laws or society, we make things even more difficult and hard to reach. So I can say that utopia is a nonexistent place that just exists in our heads, because we’ll never going to reach or get perfect laws that make perfect places. Laws in our society are always going to be imperfect, because it can contribute to a benefit for some people and at the same time, it may impede the process of improvement for some other people. So our society will never approach to the perfection or to a visionary system of political or social perfection, it just exists in science fiction.
On the contrary, according to the same source “Dystopia is a society characterized by human misery, as squalor, oppression, disease, and overcrowding”. It’s the opposite of Utopia, and I believe that is more likely to be the world where we live. In our society there are not perfect places with perfect laws. Misery, oppression, disease, etc., we find them around the corner. As I said before, laws tend to go side by side, beneficing some part of the people, and prejudicing and harming some other people. Thus I believe that the system that we have in laws and society will never change. People will always try to take advantage of the laws and benefit themselves with everything, leaving aside the fact that we live in the same world and making an unequal world with misery and poverty for the majority of the population and joy and wealth for the minority of the population.